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Sadik, Jalal al-'Azim. "Orientalism and Orientalism in Reverse." Khamsin 8 (1981): 5-26.

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al Saghir, M. H. A. Orientalists and Koranic Studies. Beirut: n.p., 1983.

Sahni, Kalpana. Crucifying the Orient: Russian Orientalism and the Colonization of Caucasus and Central Asia. Bangkok: White Orchid Press; Oslo: Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture, 1997.

Said, Edward W. "Arabs, Islam and the Dogmas of the West." New York Times Book Review (31 October 1976).

__________. "In Conversation with Neeladri Bhattacharya, Suvir Kaul, and Ania Loomba." In Relocating Postcolonialism. Edited by David Theo Goldberg and Ato Quayson, 1-14. Oxford and Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 2002.

__________. Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts Determine How We See the Rest of the World. New York: Pantheon, 1981.

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__________. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993.

__________. "East Isn't East: The Impending End of the Age of Orientalism." Times Literary Supplement (3 February 1995).

__________. "The Imperial Spectacle." Grand Street 6, 2 (Winter 1987): 82-104.

__________. "Islam, Orientalism and the West: An Attack on Learned Ignorance." Time (16 April 1979): 54.

__________. "Islam Through Western Eyes." The Nation (26 April 1980): 488-92.

__________. "Introduction." In Raymond Schwab, The Oriental Renaissance: Europe's Rediscovery of India and the East, 1680-1880, vii-xx. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.

__________. Humanism and Democratic Criticism. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.

__________. "Latent and Manifest Orientalism." In Contemporary Social Thought: Themes and Theories. Edited by Sean H. Heir, Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press Inc, 2005. [Reprinted from Said, Orientalism, Chapter 3, Part I]

__________. Music at the Limits. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008.

__________. "Orientalism." Georgia Review 31, 1 (Spring 1977): 162-206.

__________. Orientalism. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books, 1978. London: Penguin Books with a New Afterword, 1995.

__________. "Orientalism, an Afterword." Raritan: A Quarterly Review 14, 3 (Winter 1995): 32-59.

__________. "Orientalism and After: An Interview with Edward Said." Radical Philosophy 63 (Spring 1993): 22-32.

__________. "Orientalism and Beyond." In Postcolonial Theory: Contexts, Practices, Politics. Edited by Bart Moore-Gilbert, 34-73. London: Verso, 1997.

__________. "Orientalism Once More." Development and Change 35, 5 (November 2004): 869-879.

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__________. Reflections on Exile and Other Essays. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2000.

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__________. The World, the Text, and the Critic. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1983.

Said, Edward and Oleg Grabar, reply by Bernard Lewis. "Orientalism: an Exchange." The New York Review of Books (12 August 1982).

Salama, Mohammad. Islam, Orientalism and Intellectual History: Modernity and the Politics of Exclusion Since Ibn Khaldūn. London and New York: I. B. Tauris & Co Ltd., 2011.

Salgado, Minoli. "The New Cartographies of Re-Orientalism." The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 46, 2 ( June 2011): 199-218.

Salih, Ruba. "The Backward and the New: National, Transnational and Post‐National Islam in Europe." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30, 5 (2004): 995-1011.

Samiei, Mohammad. "Neo-Orientalism? A Critical Appraisal of Changing Western Perspectives: Bernard Lewis, John Esposito and Gilles Kepel." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Westminster, 2009.

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al-Samarrai, Qasim. "Discussions on Orientalism in Present-day Saudi Arabia." In Modern Societies and the Science of Religions: Studies in Honour of Lammert Leertouwer. Edited by Wiegers, Gerard, 283-301. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2002.

Sanders, Paula. "The Victorian Invention of Medieval Cairo: A Case Study of Medievalism and the Construction of the East." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 37, 2 (December 2003): 179-198.

Sapra, Rahui. The Limits of Orientalism: Seventeenth-Century Representations of India. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press and Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, 2011.

Sardar, Ziauddin. Orientalism. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Open University Press, 1999.

Sarkar, Sumit. "Orientalism Revisited: Saidian Frameworks in the Writing of Modern Indian History." Oxford Literary Review 16, 1-2 (1994): 205-224.

Saul, Nicholas. Gypsies and Orientalism in German Literature and Anthropology of the Long Nineteenth Century. London: Legenda, 2007.

Sawyer, Suzana, and Arun Agrawal. “Environmental Orientalisms.” Cultural Critique 45 (Spring 2000): 71-108.

Sax, William S. “The Hall of Mirrors: Orientalism, Anthropology, and the Other.” American Anthropologist New Series 100, 2 (June 1998): 292-301.

Schaub, Uta Liebmann. "Foucault's Oriental Subtext." PMLA 104, 3 (May 1989): 306-316.

Schein, Louisa. "Gender and Internal Orientalism in China." Modern China 23, 1 (January 1997): 69-98.

Scherer, Frank F.  The Freudian Orient: Early Psychoanalysis, Anti-Semitic Challenge, and the Vicissitudes of Orientalist Discourse.  London: Karnac Books, 2015.

__________. "Sanfancón: Orientalism, Self-Orientalization, and 'Chinese Religion' in Cuba." In Nation Dance: Religion, Identity, and Cultural Difference in the Caribbean. Edited by Patrick Taylor, 153-170. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2001.

Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, David. Russian Orientalism: Asia in the Russian Mind from Peter the Great to the Emigration. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2010.

Schneider, Jane. Italy's Southern Question: Orientalism in One Country. Oxford: Berg, 1998.

Schneider, Rolf Michael. "Friend and Foe: the Orient in Rome." In The Idea of Iran, vol. 2 of The Age of the Parthians. Edited by Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis and Sarah Stewart, 50-86.

Schueller, Malini Johar. U.S. Orientalisms: Race, Nation, and Gender in Literature, 1790-1890. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1998.

Schumm, Darla Y. "Rethinking Christian Missions: Said's Orientalism and Christian Missionary Responses to Prostitution in Thailand." Missiology: An International Review 36, 4 (October 2008): 475-489.

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__________. "Orientalism and Musical Style." The Musical Quarterly 82, 2 (Summer 1998): 309-335.

Scott, Jonathan. When the Waves Ruled Britannia: Geography and Political Identities, 1500–1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

Scullion, Rosemarie. "Michel Foucault the Orientalist: On Revolutionary Iran and the 'Spirit of Islam'." South Central Review 12, 2 (Summer, 1995): 16-40.

Semmerling, T. J. “Evil” Arabs in American Popular Film: Orientalist Fear. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2006.

Sha'ban, Fuad. Islam and Arabs in Early American Thought: The Roots of Orientalism in America. Durham, North Carolina: Acorn Press, 1991.

Shaffer, Elinor S. 'Kubla Khan'and the Fall of Jerusalem: The Mythological School in Biblical Criticism and Secular Literature 1770-1880. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980.

Sharafuddin, Mohammed Ahmed. Islam and Romantic Orientalism: Literary Encounters with the Orient. London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 1996.

__________. "A Study of Orientalism in English Verse and Narrative, 1798-1817." Ph.D dissertation, University of York, 1988.

Sharma, Sanjay, and Ashwani Sharma. “White Paranoia: Orientalism in the Age of Empire.” Fashion Theory 7, 3-4 (2003): 301-318.

Sharpe, Jenny. "The Violence of Light in the Land of Desire; or, How William Jones Discovered India." boundary 2 20, 1 (Spring 1993): 26-46.

Shatz, Adam. “’Orientalism,’ Then and Now,” 20 May 2019.  At NYR Daily (https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2019/05/20/orientalism-then-and-now/).  Accessed 29 March 2020.

Shay, Anthony and Barbara Sellers-Young, eds. Belly Dance: Orientalism, Transnationalism, and Harem Fantasy. Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publishers, 2005.

Sherry, Mark. "Said, Edward Wadie." Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers. Edited by John Shook, et. al., v.4, 2106-2110. Bristol, England: Thoemmes Continuum, 2005.

Shihade, Magid. "On the Difficulty in Predicting and Understanding the Arab Spring: Orientalism, Euro-Centrism, and Modernity." International Journal of Peace Studies 17, 2 (Winter 2012): 57-69.

Shivani, Anis “Indo-Anglian Fiction: the New Orientalism.” Race & Class 47, 4 (April 2006): 1-25.

Sidaway, James D. "Geography, Globalization, and the Problematic of Area Studies." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 103, 4 (2013): 984-1002.

Silver, Ira. "Marketing authenticity in Third World Countries." Annals of Tourism Research 20, 2 (1993): 302-318.

Sim, Gerald. "Said's Marxism: Orientalism's Relationship to Film Studies and Race." Discourse 34, 2-3 (Spring/Fall 2012): 240-262.

Singleton, Mark. "The Classical Reveries of Modern Yoga: Patanjali and Constructive Orientalism." In Yoga in the Modern World: Contemporary Perspectives. Edited by Mark Singleton and Jean Byrne, 137-180. London and New York: Routledge, 2008.

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Sivasundaram, Sujit. “’A Christian Benares’: Orientalism, Science and the Serampore Mission of Bengal.” Indian Economic and Social History Review 44, 2 (2007): 111-145.

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Snodgrass, Judith. Presenting Japanese Buddhism to the West: Orientalism, Occidentalism, and the Columbian Exposition. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.

Spackman, Barbara. Accidental Orientalists: Modern Italian Travelers in Ottoman Lands. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2017.

Spanos, William V. The Legacy of Edward W. Said. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 2009.

Spaulding, Jay, and Lidwien Kapteijns. "The Orientalism Paradigm in the Historiography of the Late Precolonial Sudan." In Golden Ages, Dark Ages: Imagining the Past in Anthropology and History. Edited by Jay O'Brien and William Roseberry, 139-151. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1991.

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Sultana, Fehmida. "Romantic Orientalism and Islam: Southey, Shelley, Moore, and Byron." Ph.D. disseration, Tufts University, 1989.

Sutherland, Heather. "Symposium on Edward W. Said's Orientalism (1978). Journal of Asian Studies 39, 3 (May 1980): 481-517.

Swanson, Herbert R. "Said's Orientalism and the Study of Christian Missions." International Bulletin of Missionary Research 28, 3 (July 2004): 107-112.

Sweetman, John. The Oriental Obsession. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

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